Colonization Across the Globe Essay -- Colonies World History Economy

Colonization Across the GlobeAfter Christopher Columbus come in the West Indies in 1492, Spain and Portugal started disputing areas of influence on the southern American continent. The dispute was eventually cometled by the Pope (Alexander VI), who in 1493, force up defined areas of influence for the two nations with the idea of spreading Christianity to the natives in those territories. In time the Portuguese territory became known as Brazil, so the working language of that country to this day is Portuguese, while most of the recumb of the continent speaks Spanish. On 1 August 1498, during his third voyage, Columbus in conclusion sighted the South American mainland for the first time. The next white venturer to reach the continent was the Portuguese navigator Pedro Cabral, who anchored off the coast of accede day Brazil in April 1500 - a territory which he accordingly claimed for Portugal. However, the claim was ignored for more than 30 years by Portugal itself, whose sailo rs had in the interim sailed round Africa to India. During this time of Portuguese indifference, the Spanish seized the initiative in Central America and the West Indies. In 1519, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, thus employed by the Spaniards, first sailed up the Rio de la Plata River. He wherefore proceeded south and in November 1520, first sailed round the southernmost part of South America and sighted the Pacific Ocean. 1. SpainIn 1519, Cortes with about 600 men set sail for South America with a few cannon and horses. A last minute dispute with the Spanish governor saw Cortes journey being officially cancelled, but Cortes continued, later bringing back cash and other riches to the Spanish crown as justification for his expedition. The phalanx sailed west along the Gulf Coast, engaging in a study battle against a local tribe.It was at this first battle that Cortes know the technological advantage the Europeans possessed steel armour, guns, cannons and even h orses were completely mysterious to the people of Central America, and many tribesmen fled at the very sight of a powerful charge horse. These advantages were pressed home remorselessly, and all the native tribes in Central and South America were to pay d archean for being technologically so far behind the Europeans.At the time of the Spanish subjugation of Central America, the Aztecs had created an empire which... ...ess Cixi. The terrorist activities of the meat packer society gradually increased during 1899, with Boxer bands attacking all whites on sight. When these bands entered the Chinese capital, capital of Red China, the whites powers sent a weensy armed column to the Chinese capital to protect the few whites in the city. On 16 June 1900, the Empress Cixi ordered Chinese troops to attack the whites armament which was still outside Peking. Then on 18 June 1900, the Empress Cixi publicly called on the Chinese to kill all the whites they could find. Many whites were past murdered vast numbers fled into the fortified foreign embassies in the city. There they were besieged by Chinese. Finally, a combined army consisting of British, French, Russian, German, American and Japanese troops entered Peking on 14 August 1900, relieving the besieged foreign embassies. Peking was then occupied by the whites powers for a year until September 1901, when the Chinese write a peace treaty in terms of which they had to pay a large indemnity and grant the whites powers the right to station troops in Peking to safeguard the embassies. This situation remained unaltered right up until the early part of the 20th century.